African Honeyguides

Research on a remarkable
human-animal relationship

Emma-Beth Peters

Emma-Beth Peters

Biography

I am currently a BSc(Hons) student at the University of Cape Town. My first introduction to honeyguides was through a picture book at age six: Honey…Honey…Lion! by Jan Brett. It tells the tale of a honeyguide who punishes a greedy honey badger after he doesn’t share the bees wax spoils that the pair worked together to obtain. It was to my absolute delight, that 15 years after reading it, Claire unspooled the evidence and hypotheses that underpins this fable in one of my undergraduate classes. This was during my BSc where I majored in Applied Maths and Quantitative Biology at the University of Cape Town (and minored in rock climbing, orchestral/rock music, reading, flower pressing, and copious-amounts-of-tea drinking).

I occasionally grumbled that maths took up 90% of my time during my undergrad, but fortunately I now possess a few quantitative skills, and a love for mathematical models. Even more fortunately, mathematical models provide us with the tools necessary to answer some key questions about the human-honeyguide coevolution (and generate even more!) and are the reason I have been lucky enough to join this project for my Honours year. 

 

Research focus

Currently, I am working on developing, analysing and describing an agent-based model that simulates the dynamics of honey hunting interactions in Niassa, Mozambique, in collaboration with Dr Anne Kandler and Dr Laurel Fogarty at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany. The model follows humans and honeyguides as they interact, seek honey, and learn from their experiences. Using the model, we can analyse the dynamics of emergent patterns driven by individual behaviours and better understand this complex, adaptive system. Next, I aim to apply this model to the incredible diversity of honey-hunting cultures present today and generate cross-cultural predictions across Africa, drawing from the geographic mosaic theory of coevolution.

News

New study shows that honey-hunter calls vary regionally like dialects

We have published a new study in People and Nature showing that people in northern Mozambique use regionally distinct “dialects” when communicating with honeyguides. Led by Jessica van der Wal, the paper shows that human–honeyguide communication varies across landscapes in ways that mirror regional variation in human languages. Despite these differences in calls, cooperation between people and honeyguides remains successful and important for human livelihoods across the Niassa Special Reserve, suggesting that both species adjust to one another across their shared landscape.

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New paper on honey-hunting with honeyguides in western Africa

We are pleased to share our new paper on honey-hunting with honeyguides, in western Africa this time. Led by Wiro-Bless Kamboe as part of his MSc project, and co-authored with Claire Spottiswoode and Timothy Khan Aikins, with Jessica van der Wal as senior author, the study documents honey-hunting practices in northern Ghana and explores the involvement of greater honeyguides. We found that while mutualism persists, it occurs at lower levels than those documented in eastern and southern Africa. Honey-hunters in Ghana often visit known bees’ nests without honeyguides’ help, and discarded beeswax continues to supplement the birds’ diet. We found no clear evidence that socio-economic changes, such as increased access to motorised transport, have disrupted this relationship.

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Dr David Lloyd-Jones graduates with his PhD

Dr David Lloyd-Jones graduated with his PhD from the University of Cape Town, entitled “Cooperation, ecology and behaviour in the honeyguide-human mutualism” – congratulations, David, on this wonderful outcome of many happy years of fieldwork in the Niassa Special Reserve together with our honey-hunter collaborators and friends, supported by the Mariri Environmental Centre.

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